Urbanization and Its Impact on Sustainable Development: Evidence from District Rawalpindi

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17505146

Abstract

This study examines the impact of urbanization on sustainable development in District Rawalpindi. Using primary data collected through purposive sampling of 100 migrants in Shamsabad and Saddar, Rawalpindi, the research analyzes demographic characteristics, reasons for migration, living conditions, access to services, and perceptions about urbanization’s effects on economic growth, quality of life, literacy and innovation. Results show that urbanization is associated with improved economic conditions, higher literacy and increased job opportunities for the majority of respondents, but also creates pressures on infrastructure and the environment. The paper presents concise summary tables of key findings, discusses implications for sustainable development, and offers policy recommendations for planned urbanization.

Keywords: Urbanization, Sustainable development, Migration, Rawalpindi, Economic growth, Living standards.