Contributing Factors of Social Capital Hindering Earthquake Resilience: A Case Study of Quetta City, Pakistan

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17582930

Abstract

Social capital, encompassing the networks, relationships, and norms of trust and reciprocity within a community, is widely recognized as a vital resource for disaster preparedness, response, and recovery. However, certain factors within the realm of social capital can present challenges and impediments to effective earthquake resilience. The study aims to examine the role of social capital that creates hurdles for Earthquake Resilience. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 385 respondents in the district of Quetta to achieve the objectives of the study. Results of the study reveal that there are significant variations in community engagement, with differing levels of participation in self-help groups and resource sharing. Some physical infrastructure, like communication tools and roads, remains accessible. The observers also noted a gap in preparedness, such as limited access to markets and water storage. Financial vulnerability is evident in the community's heavy reliance on credit and daily wage jobs, as well as its low savings and lack of hazard insurance. Inadequate involvement in disaster training, political processes, and simulated exercises reveals gaps in readiness and reaction. According to the findings, increasing earthquake resilience requires fortifying these capitals and enhancing institutional coordination.

Key Words: Economic capital, Social capital, Earthquake resilience, Disaster Preparedness, Community Engagement.